Costa Rica's Cordillera Volcánica Central peaks at Irazú (3,432 m)—active since 1723—with Poás (2,708 m) featuring a 1.5 km crater lake. The Guanacaste Range in the northwest reaches 2,022 m at Miravalles, volcanic from subduction 10 million years ago. Cordillera de Talamanca in the south hits 3,819 m at Chirripó—Costa Rica's highest—with 25 peaks over 3,000 m and cloud forests. Pacific and Caribbean coasts drop to sea level, with 1,290 km shore. Osa Peninsula's Corcovado National Park hosts 500 bird species. This volcanic arc includes 29 national parks covering 25% land with sloths and toucans.
