Argentina, stretching from the Andes to the Pampas, is dominated by the Andes Mountains in the west, forming the world's longest continental range at 7,000 km. Aconcagua, at 6,961 m, is the Southern and Western Hemispheres' highest peak, with 15 peaks over 6,000 m in the Cordillera Principal. The Patagonian Andes in the south feature Fitz Roy (3,405 m) and glaciers like Perito Moreno (250 km²). Formed by Nazca-South American plate subduction 200 million years ago, these ranges include the Puna de Atacama plateau at 3,500 m. The Sierras de Córdoba in the center rise to 2,791 m at Champaquí, while the Atlantic coast spans 4,700 km. This topography hosts 37 national parks, with Andean condors soaring over diverse ecosystems from Yungas forests to Patagonian steppes.
